How do operating systems store passwords?

Windows stores its passwords in what is called the Security Accounts Manager database, or SAM database.

How is password sent to server?

When the user enters a password, this is sent over the network and hashed on the server using a copy of the same hashing function. Some implementations of this scheme will hash the user’s password before sending it across the network to be compared with the hash stored on the server.

How does an operating system protect the passwords used for account logins?

How does an operating system protect the passwords used for account logins? The operating system performs a one-way hash of the passwords. The operating system stores the passwords in a secret file that users cannot find. The operating system encrypts the passwords, and decrypts them when needed.

Where are passwords stored for Windows systems?

Yes, they are stored hashed within files in the c:\Windows\System32\Config\ directory. You will need the SAM and system files. However, a backup of these files may be stored in the Windows repair folder at c:\Windows\Repair\ .

How can passwords be passed from client to server in a secure way?

You should always use HTTPS and avoid homebrewed code. SSL will take care of hashing & encryption. That is the ONLY secure method. Also ensure you’re hashing passwords on the server end and storing the hash, not the original password.

How many previous passwords can a system administrator enforce at an org level?

The Enforce Password History policy will set how often an old password can be reused. It should be implemented with a minimum of 10 previous passwords remembered. This policy will discourage users from reusing a previous password, thus preventing them from alternating between several common passwords.

How do you educate employees about password management?

Educate your employees on the most common password mistakes they need to avoid. For example, you might want to tell them to avoid reusing personal passwords on company systems. Demonstrate Company Password Tools. If your company has a tool like Password Management, take a few minutes to demonstrate it.

How do I enforce a password policy in Active Directory?

Navigate to Computer Configuration -> Policies -> Windows Settings -> Security Settings -> Account Policies -> Password Policy. Remember, any changes you make to the default domain password policy apply to every account within that domain.