Why nitration of aniline gives substantial amount of M isomer?

Nitration is carried out in an acidic medium. In an acidic medium, aniline is protonated to give anilinium ion (which is meta-directing). For this reason, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline.

What is the reason for the formation of a meta product in the following reaction?

Aniline on protonation gives anilinium ion which is meta directing. So considerable amount of meta product is formed.

Why is aniline meta directing?

The NH2 group in aniline is ortho and para guiding group because due to resonance, they will release electrons to the ring and at the same time remove the electrons towards themselves due to +1 impact from the aromatic ring. The substituent is called a meta directing group if the opposite is observed.

What is the end product of nitration of aniline before protection?

2,4-dinitroaniline.

Which one among these gives a para nitro compound as the main product with nitrating mixture?

Which is most reactive in electrophilic substitution?

Under which of the following reaction conditions aniline gives P nitro derivative as the major product?

Aniline or reaction with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine produces N-acetyl aniline is ortho, para directing group which on further reaction with nitratng mixture (conc. HNO3+conc. H2SO4) produces p-nitroaniline preferentially as shown below.

Why is NO2 a meta directing group?

Since NO2 is an electron withdrawing group, a glance at the resonance structures shows that the positive charge becomes concentrated at the ortho-para positions. Thus these positions are deactivated towards electrophilic aromatic substitution. Hence, NO2 is a meta-director, as we all learned in organic chemistry.

Why is there a need to have one of the reactant in excess in nitration?

Why is there a need to have one of the reactant in excess? Explanation: One of the reactant is usually present in excess in order to maintain reasonably fast over-all reaction rates and to satisfy the stoichiometric requirements of the nitration reaction. 2.