What is the most common cause of depression in adults?

Risk Factors Depression is one of the most common mental disorders in the U.S. Current research suggests that depression is caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Depression can happen at any age, but often begins in adulthood.

What are outcomes of depression?

Untreated depression increases the chance of risky behaviors such as drug or alcohol addiction. It also can ruin relationships, cause problems at work, and make it difficult to overcome serious illnesses. Clinical depression, also known as major depression, is an illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts.

What is the pathology of depression?

The monoamine-deficiency theory posits that the underlying pathophysiological basis of depression is a depletion of the neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine in the central nervous system. Serotonin is the most extensively studied neurotransmitter in depression.

What is analytical rumination hypothesis?

The analytical rumination (AR) hypothesis proposes that depression is an adaptation that evolved as a response to complex problems and whose function is to minimize disruption of rumination and sustain analysis of complex problems.

What is the cure rate of depression?

With appropriate treatment, 70-80\% of individuals with major depressive disorder can achieve a significant reduction in symptoms, although as many as 50\% of patients may not respond to the initial treatment trial.

What is used to diagnose depression?

The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) — a 9-item self-administered diagnostic screening and severity tool based on current diagnostic criteria for major depression. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), — a 21-question multiple-choice self-report that measures the severity of depression symptoms and feelings.

How is rumination measured?

The most widely used measure of rumination is the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS; cf. Treynor et al. 2003). The scale measures the tendency to use ruminative thinking when being in a negative mood, and is derived from the Response Styles Theory by Nolen-Hoeksema (1987).

How to boost mental energy levels?

15 Ways to Boost Mental Energy Levels 1 Be Grateful. 2 Practice Negative Visualization. 3 Surround Yourself With Great People. 4 Think Positively. 5 Declutter Your Mind. 6 (more items)

How do you get energy back after a depressive episode?

Depression Treatment: Energy Boosters to Help Manage Depression. Maintain a manageable workload and daily schedule. Avoid or eliminate stressful situations. Avoid smoking, alcohol, and drug use. Stay active even if you are tired. Go out and meet friends, or just tackle some housework.

How can I have fun at work and not be depressed?

Remind yourself of the things you are grateful or thankful for in your life. Gratitude will make you think more positively and give you more mental energy. If you’re not having fun at work, be grateful that you have work and are earning a salary.

Can energy boosters help manage depression?

Depression Treatment: Energy Boosters to Help Manage Depression. Below are some simple lifestyle changes that may help improve your energy levels: Maintain a healthy, balanced diet to ensure you are getting all the nutrition you need to perform at your best. Drink plenty of water. Being dehydrated can zap your energy levels.