What is the cause of lumpy skin disease?

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an acute to chronic, highly infectious, generalised skin disease of cattle and water buffalo. The disease is caused by a poxvirus and is believed to be mechanically transmitted mostly by a range of arthropods, including biting insects and ticks.

What does lumpy skin disease look like?

Clinical Findings of Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle Nodules may develop on the muzzle and within the nasal and buccal mucous membranes. The skin nodules contain a firm, creamy-gray or yellow mass of tissue. Regional lymph nodes are swollen, and edema develops in the udder, brisket, and legs.

How is lumpy skin disease spread?

Lumpy skin disease is primarily spread between animals by biting insects (vector), such as mosquitoes and biting flies. Less commonly, the virus may be spread by direct contact to the skin lesions, saliva, nasal discharge, milk, or semen of infected animals.

Can lumpy skin disease spread to humans?

Conclusions: Lumpy skin disease virus is capable of infecting humans with direct transmission without the need for insects vector; that most probably by inhalation and certainly by the direct contacts with infected materials, infected persons [man to man], and as laboratory acquired infection.

Is lumpy skin disease curable?

Treatment: There is no treatment for Lumpy Skin Disease. Prevention: It is difficult to stop cattle being attacked by infected vectors (flies, etc.) once infection is within an area.

How long does lumpy skin disease last?

Severely infected animals become emaciated and may require euthanasia. The debility persists for one to three months and occasionally for up to six months. The mouth lesions interfere with feeding; milk production ceases and udder and teat lesions may result in serious infections with the sloughing of necrotic tissue.

How long does lumpy skin disease take to heal?

Pneumonia caused by the virus itself or secondary bacterial infections, and mastitis are common complications. Infected animals often recover within three weeks of treatment with anti-allergy and antibiotic medicines. The morbidity rate in LSD is 10-20\%, while the mortality rate is up to 5\%.

What is the medicine for lumpy skin disease?

Unfortunately there are no specific antiviral drugs available for the treatment of lumpy skin disease. The only treatment available is supportive care of cattle. This can include treatment of skin lesions using wound care sprays and the use of antibiotics to prevent secondary skin infections and pneumonia.

What virus causes lumpy skin disease?

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a disease of cattle and buffalo caused by a capripox virus. Since 2012, LSD has spread from Africa and the Middle East into south-eastern Europe, affecting European Union (EU) Member countries (Greece and Bulgaria) and several other countries in the Balkans.