How many times has financial emergency been declared in India?

In the history of independent India, a state of emergency has been declared thrice. The first instance was between 26 October 1962 to 10 January 1968 during the India-China war, when “the security of India” was declared as being “threatened by external aggression”.

Is financial emergency under judicial review?

Yes, it is. The 38th amendment act of 1975 made that the proclamation of financial emergency cannot be questioned in the court of law. The 44th amendment act of 1978 allowed Judicial review.

What is Article 356 of the constitution?

Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, if a state government is unable to function according to Constitutional provisions, the Union government can take direct control of the state machinery.

Can the salary of president be reduced during financial emergency?

He can order reduction of salaries and allowances of all civil servants: The President has the power to cut down the salaries and allowances of all civil servants in a time of a financial crisis. The reduction remains a temporary measure to regain economic stability.

What is Article 350A?

Article 350-A pertains to linguistic minorities. It imposes a duty on the states to Endeavour to provide adequate facilities for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage of education to children belonging to linguistic minorities.

What is the meaning of Article 360?

Article 360 states that if the President is satisfied that a situation has arisen whereby the financial stability or the credit of India or any part thereof is threatened, the President may declare a state of financial emergency.

How many times financial emergency was declared under Article 360?

Financial emergency under Article 360 of the Indian constitution was never been imposed. Unlike other emergency provisions like national emergency under article 352 which was declared three times (during Sino – India war, 1962 Indo – Pak 1971 and misused once in 1976)

What is Article 360 of the Constitution of India 1949?

Article 360 in The Constitution Of India 1949 360. Provisions as to financial emergency (1) If the President is satisfied that a situation has arisen whereby the financial stability or credit of India or of any part of the territory thereof is threatened, he may by a Proclamation make a declaration to that effect

What is the difference between Article 358 and Article 359?

(a) Article 358 is confined to Fundamental Rights under Article 19 only. (b) Article 359 extends to all those Fundamental Rights whose enforcement is suspended by the Presidential Order. (c) Article 358 automatically suspends the fundamental rights under Article 19 as soon as the emergency is declared.