How does growth stage of the crop affect crop water requirement?

Fig. During the so-called crop development stage the crop water need gradually Increases from 50 percent of the maximum crop water need to the maximum crop water need. The maximum crop water need is reached at the end of the crop development stage which is the beginning of the mid-season stage.

What are the different factors that affect the water requirements of crops?

The following are the factors which affect on the water requirements of the crops,

• Climate.
• Type of Crop.
• Water table.
• Ground Slope.
• Intensity of Irrigation.
• Conveyance Losses. Type of soil. Subsoil water. Age of canal. Position of FSL w.r.t to NSL.
• Method of Application of water.
• Method of Ploughing.

What is the water requirement of a crop?

Crop Water Requirement (CWR) is the amount of water needed by the various crops to grow optimally. CWR is defined as amount of water required to meet the need of evaporation and transpiration by the crop throughout its life, called Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc).

Which growth stage of crop is the most sensitive stage in respect to water deficit?

the late season stage; including ripening and harvest. In general it can be stated that of the four growth stages, the mid-season stage is most sensitive to water shortages. This is mainly because it is the period of the highest crop water needs.

Why do different crops have different growth requirements?

Different crops need different type of soils, different types and amounts of nutrients, and different types and amounts of water. The amount of water required by the plant is also dependent on the growing season and the climate where it is grown.

What is the importance of crop water requirement?

Water is one of the most important inputs essential for the production of crops. Plants need it continuously during their life and in huge quantities. It profoundly influences photosynthesis, respiration, absorption, translocation and utilization of mineral nutrients, and cell division besides some other processes.

What are the reasons for variation in the water requirement for the same crops across different regions?

Naturally different crops may have different water requirements at different places of the same country, depending upon the climate, type of soil, method of cultivation, effective rain etc.

Which crop has the highest water requirement?

Some of the most popular crops today are highly water-intensive….These crops include:

• Rice.
• Soybeans.
• Wheat.
• Sugarcane.
• Cotton.
• Alfalfa.
• Pasture.

Which growth stage of rice is most sensitive to water?

Some studies have showed that the most sensitive period to DS of rice development is booting stage31, and controlled irrigation and drainage at vegetative stages might be the most critical period47,48,49,50. Other studies found that the flowering stage is the most sensitive stage to water deficit51,52.

What are the different sources of water for the growth and development of crops?

The main sources for irrigation water are groundwater from wells, surface water, drainage ponds, rain and municipal water. Drilled wells are a clean source of water for many greenhouse operations however, the water yield from drilled wells is usually limited.

Which crop requires more water rabi or kharif?

The rabi crops are cultivated in the dry season so timely irrigation is required to grow these crops. Major Kharif crops are rice, maize, cotton, jowar, bajra etc. Major Rabi crops are wheat, gram, peas, barley etc. It requires a lot of water and hot weather to grow.

How does water affect crop production?

If the agricultural field has too much water, the roots can rot, and the crops won’t get enough oxygen from the soil. Hence the scarcity and surplus of water on fields can equally affect the overall growth and development of crops directly and, as a result, also its yield and quality.

What is the average water requirement of an agricultural crop?

The crop water requirement for the initial growth stage varies between 33 and 68 mm in different counties. The range of water requirement was 38–85 mm for the developmental stage, 140–265 mm for the middle stage, and 68–116 mm during the last growth phase.

How much water does it take to grow maize?

The amount of water required for maize (or any other crop) depends on the duration of growth and development stages of the crop, the evaporative demand of the environment, and expansion of canopy, crop species and planting density (Wright and Bell, 1992).

What is the difference between crop water use and crop transpiration?

Crop water use, also known as evapotranspiration (ET), is the water used by a crop for growth and cooling purposes. This water is extracted from the soil root zone by the root system, which represents transpiration and is no longer available as stored water in the soil. Consequently, the term “ET” is used interchangeably with crop water use.

How do different crops respond differently to water stress?

Different crops have different water requirements and respond differently to water stress. Crop sensitivity to water stress varies from one growth stage to another. Table 1 is a summary of critical growth stages during which major crops in Colorado are especially sensitive to water stress.