Do prokaryotes have multiple promoters?

Although promoters vary among prokaryotic genomes, a few elements are conserved. At the -10 and -35 regions upstream of the initiation site, there are two promoter consensus sequences, or regions that are similar across all promoters and across various bacterial species (Figure 1).

Do prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have promoters?

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcriptions use a common enzyme, RNA polymerase, to transcribe DNA into RNA. Prokaryotes only carry three promoter elements, -10, -35, and the UP elements, whereas eukaryotes carry a wide variety of promoter elements (4).

Are there promoters in prokaryotic transcription?

In prokaryotes, the promoter consists of two short sequences at -10 and -35 positions upstream from the transcription start site. The sequence at -10 is called the Pribnow box, or the -10 element, and usually consists of the six nucleotides TATAAT. Its presence allows a very high transcription rate.

How many promoters does polycistronic mRNA have?

In prokaryotes, genes which encode proteins with relationships in a metabolic pathway form Operons – which produce polycistronic mRNA’s. An operon is in bacterial DNA, a cluster of contiguous genes transcribed from one promoter that gives rise to a polycistronic mRNA.

How is transcription different between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Eukaryotes have three types of RNA polymerases, I, II, and III, and prokaryotes only have one type. Another main difference between the two is that transcription and translation occurs simultaneously in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes the RNA is first transcribed in the nucleus and then translated in the cytoplasm.

What is Monocistronic and Polycistronic?

Polycistronic mRNA is a mRNA that encodes several proteins and is characteristic of many bacterial and chloroplast mRNAs. Polycistronic mRNAs consist of a leader sequence which precedes the first gene. Monocistronic mRNA is a mRNA that encodes only one protein and all eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic.

Why is transcription both the same and different between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

How do eukaryotic and prokaryotic promoters differ?

Eukaryotic promoters are the regulatory sequences that initiate the transcription of eukaryotic organisms. Prokaryotic promoters are the regulatory sequences that initiates the transcription of prokaryotic genes. Prokaryotic promoter consists of upstream elements, -10 element and -35 elements.

How does transcription differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Where does transcription occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. This is impossible in eukaryotes, where transcription occurs in a membrane-bound nucleus while translation occurs outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm.

Does Polycistronic mRNA contain multiple promoters?

The term polycistronic is used to describe an mRNA corresponding to multiple genes whose expression is also controlled by a single promoter and a single terminator. Polycistronic mRNAs are also called operons.

What is meant by Monocistronic or polycistronic How do these differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

What is the difference between transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Furthermore, several structural genes of an operon are transcribed into a single mRNA while eukaryotic mRNA contains a single gene transcribed into an mRNA molecule. In addition to these, transcription is coupled with translation in prokaryotes while transcription of eukaryotes occurs after the completion of transcription.

Why do eukaryotes have polycistronic genes and not monocistronic?

The problem with the polycistronic genes are that all the structural genes of an operon are turned ON or OFF together, due to a single promoter and operator upstream to them. In case of eukaryotes, in many cases one single protein is involved in many processes. So, eukaryotes have evolved to have monocistronic genes. Thank You.

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic promoters?

Prokaryotes only contain three different promoter elements: -10, -35 promoters, and upstream elements. Eukaryotes contain many different promoter elements: TATA box, initiator elements, downstream core promoter element, CAAT box, and the GC box to name a few.

What is prokaryotic mRNA and how does it work?

Prokaryotic mRNA is the type of mRNA that occurs in prokaryotes as a result of transcription. Generally, RNA polymerase is responsible for the transcription of genes into mRNA molecules. However, the main feature of prokaryotic mRNA is polycistronic.