What are the different types of pumping process?

Types of pumping:

• Optical pumping: which uses strong light source for excitation.
• Electrical pumping: which uses electron impact for excitation.
• Chemical pumping: which uses chemical reactions for excitation.
• Direct pumping: which uses direct conversion of electric energy into light energy.

What is optical pumping method?

Optical pumping is a process in which light is used to raise (or “pump”) electrons from a lower energy level in an atom or molecule to a higher one. It is commonly used in laser construction to pump the active laser medium so as to achieve population inversion.

What is optical pumping explain the three level pumping scheme?

Three Level Pumping Scheme In the three-level lasers. The three levels in an atom such that E3>E2>E1 , Incident radiation frequency v is used to raise atoms from the level 1(ground state) to level 3(excited state) .

What is chemical pumping?

Chemical pumps are used to transfer chemicals and are designed to be resistant to corrosive and abrasive industrial liquids such as fuel, paint, bleach, solvents, etc. Chemical pumps can be either centrifugal pump or a positive displacement pump depending on the specific application.

How many types of sources of optical light are available?

Three
Explanation: Three main types of optical light sources are available. These are wideband sources, monochromatic incoherent sources. Ideally the optical source should be linear.

What is 3 level and 4 level laser?

In a 4-level laser, only a few electrons are excited to achieve population inversion. Therefore, a 4-level laser produces light efficiently than a 3-level laser. In practical, more than four energy levels may be involved in the laser process.

What is pumping in laser and its types?

Other types Chemical reaction is used as a power source in chemical lasers. This allows for very high output powers difficult to reach by other means. Nuclear fission is used in exotic nuclear pumped lasers (NPL), directly employing the energy of the fast neutrons released in a nuclear reactor.

What is electrical pumping?

Electrical pumping: A strong field is applied to the atomic system with the use of high voltage power supply. The high energy electrons collide with the atoms and transfer their kinetic energy to the later. As a result, atoms rise to the higher states.

What are the different types of optical pump sources?

Common types of optical pump sources are: Examples of the latter case are titanium–sapphire lasers pumped with frequency-doubled solid-state lasers, and dye lasers pumped with gas lasers. A requirement for achieving a high power conversion efficiency in an optically pumped laser is that the pump light is efficiently absorbed in the gain medium.

What is optical pumping and how does it work?

Optical pumping often takes place in laser action which involves absorption of photons of light to raise the energy levels of electrons. These electrons remain at higher energy state until they are activated to release their stored energy in the form of a laser beam.

What types of lasers can be optically pumped?

Various types of lasers can be optically pumped: Figure 1: Neodymium ions (e.g. in a YAG laser) can be optically pumped to some high-lying energy levels, from where they quickly decay (green arrow) into the upper laser level, from where stimulated emission at the laser wavelength of 1064 nm (for example) can occur.

What are the different types of electrical pumps?

We can distinguish two types of electrical pump: electric discharge pumping of a fluid medium and pumping by current injection, notably in a solid medium. In the first case, electrons that are greatly accelerated by an electrical discharge cede a part of their kinetic energy to the atoms or molecules of a gas at reduced pressure.