What factors affect viscosity?

Viscosity is resistance to flow. For liquids, typically the larger the intermolecular forces (IMF) the higher the viscosity. The other factors that affect viscosity are temperature and the shape of the molecule.

What is Newton’s law of viscosity?

NEWTON’S LAW OF VISCOSITY Newton’s law of viscosity states that “shear stress is directly proportional to velocity gradient”. The shear stress between the two adjacent layers of fluid is directly proportional to the negative value of the velocity gradient between the same two adjacent fluid layers.

How does pressure affect viscosity?

Pressure has an effect on both, the viscosity of liquid as well as gases. On increasing pressure viscosity of liquid molecules increases due to the increase in the resistance to the flow of liquid. On increasing pressure, the viscosity of gas molecules decreases due to the increase in glow of molecules.

What causes viscosity to increase?

Viscosity generally increases as the temperature decreases. The viscosity of a liquid is related to the ease with which the molecules can move with respect to one another. Thus the viscosity of a liquid depends on the: strength of attractive forces between molecules, which depend on their composition, size, and shape.

What is the effect of temperature on viscosity?

The increase in temperature causes the kinetic or thermal energy to increase and the molecules become more mobile. The attractive binding energy is reduced and therefore the viscosity is reduced.

Is viscosity dependent on temperature?

Viscosity depends strongly on temperature. In liquids it usually decreases with increasing temperature, whereas, in most gases, viscosity increases with increasing temperature.

What is the effect of viscosity on water?

It has been observed that above about 33° C the viscosity of water increases with pressure, and that below this temperature, initially the pressure effect is negative but at about 1,000 kg/cm2 the viscosity relative to 1 atm.

Does water increase viscosity?

Yes, water viscosity changes with temperature. Water tends to have higher viscosity at lower temperatures and a lower viscosity at higher temperatures.

Does viscosity depend on concentration?

The solution viscosity is dependent on the concentration (percentage of polymer in solution), the molecular weight of the polymer, ambient temperature and presence of impurities in the solution (Sperling, 2006).

How does molecular structure affect viscosity?

A liquid with smaller molecules has a lower viscosity than a liquid with larger molecules because smaller molecules slide past each other more easily.

What type of forces are responsible for viscosity in liquids?

Cohesive forces between like molecules are responsible for a liquid’s viscosity (resistance to flow) and surface tension (elasticity of a liquid surface).