What is convection in fluid dynamics?

Convection is mass transfer due to the bulk motion of a fluid. For example, the flow of liquid water transports molecules or ions that are dissolved in the water.

What are convective terms?

The convective term (aka advective term) is transport of ϕ due to the fact that the fluid is moving: a single “particle” of ϕ will tend move around according to the velocity of the fluid around it.

What are the convective terms in Navier Stokes equation?

The terms on the left hand side of the momentum equations are called the convection terms of the equations. Convection is a physical process that occurs in a flow of gas in which some property is transported by the ordered motion of the flow.

What is convection and examples?

Everyday Examples of Convection This hot water rises and cooler water moves down to replace it, causing a circular motion. radiator – A radiator puts warm air out at the top and draws in cooler air at the bottom. ice melting – Ice melts because heat moves to the ice from the air.

What is convection vs diffusion?

Diffusion occurs via the random motion of molecules; movement is from high to low concentration and depends upon the size of the molecule. Convection is the transport of a substance by bulk flow, where bulk flow is often the movement of fluid down a pressure gradient.

What causes convective mass transfer?

There are three broad reasons why convective mass transfer may be of interest: Mass transfer – such as drying, evaporation or dissolution. Heat transfer – heat and mass transfer processes are analogous, and a mass transfer model may be more convenient to use.

What is convection due?

Convection is a transfer of heat related to the movement that occurs within a fluid due to the rising of hotter materials paired with the sinking of colder materials. This occurs because hotter materials have less density than colder ones. In geology, it is the slow movement of material below the Earth’s crust.

What fluids are involved in convection?

Moving particles transfer thermal energy through a fluid by forming convection currents. Convection currents move thermal energy through many fluids, including molten rock inside Earth, water in the oceans, and air in the atmosphere.

What is convective acceleration?

Convective acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity due to the change of position of fluid particles in a fluid flow. Local acceleration or Temporal acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with respect to time at a given point in a flow field.