What happens to a receptor protein when it binds with a signal molecule?
Table of Contents
- 1 What happens to a receptor protein when it binds with a signal molecule?
- 2 When a receptor is part of the plasma membrane which type of signal molecule binds to it?
- 3 What is signal transduction cascade?
- 4 What is a molecule that acts as a signal when it binds to a receptor?
- 5 How does the bonding of the signal molecule to the receptor tyrosine kinase lead to the activation tyrosine kinase enzymes?
What happens to a receptor protein when it binds with a signal molecule?
The signaling molecule acts as a ligand when it binds to a receptor protein. A ligand is a small molecule that binds to a larger molecule. Signal molecule binding causes the receptor protein to undergo a conformational change (a change in shape). At this point the receptor protein can interact with another molecule.
When a receptor is part of the plasma membrane which type of signal molecule binds to it?
ligand
The ligand crosses the plasma membrane and binds to the receptor in the cytoplasm. The receptor then moves to the nucleus, where it binds DNA to regulate transcription. Image credit: “Signaling molecules and cell receptors: Figure 3,” by OpenStax College, Biology (CC BY 3.0).
What happens when a signal binds to a receptor?
When a signaling molecule joins with an appropriate receptor on a cell surface, this binding triggers a chain of events that not only carries the signal to the cell interior, but amplifies it as well. Cells can also send signaling molecules to other cells.
What is signal transduction cascade?
The signal transduction cascade begins when adenylyl cyclase, a membrane- bound enzyme, becomes activated by G-protein molecules associated with the adrenergic receptor. Adenylyl cyclase creates multiple cyclic AMP molecules, which fan out and activate protein kinases (PKA, in this example).
What is a molecule that acts as a signal when it binds to a receptor?
A ligand is a molecule that acts as a signal when it binds to a receptor. A ligand that can cross the cell membrane can bind to an intracellular receptor.
What happens when a hormone binds to its membrane bound receptor?
When a hormone binds to its membrane receptor, a G protein that is associated with the receptor is activated. G proteins are proteins separate from receptors that are found in the cell membrane. When a hormone is not bound to the receptor, the G protein is inactive and is bound to guanosine diphosphate, or GDP.
How does the bonding of the signal molecule to the receptor tyrosine kinase lead to the activation tyrosine kinase enzymes?
Bonding the signal molecule to tyrosine kinase leads to the activation of tyrosine-kinase enzymes by phosphorylating the tyrosine in the tail of the other polypeptide.