What is the role of penstock in hydropower plant?

A penstock is a sluice or gate or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydro turbines and sewerage systems.

What controls the flow of water to the penstock?

The amount of water that is allowed to flow through the penstock can be controlled with a sluice, which is simply a gate that can be raised and lowered to increase or decrease the amount of water allowed to flow through. When the sluice is fully open, water flows freely down through the penstock.

How does run of river hydro work?

In run of river systems, running water is diverted from a flowing river and guided down a channel, or penstock, which leads to a generating house. There the force of the moving water spins a turbine and drives a generator. Without a dam for storing water, there is no stored power.

What is the purpose of a surge tank in high head hydroelectric plants Mcq?

Explanation: Function of surge tank is to relieve the penstock from excessive water hammer pressure. It does so by receiving rejected flow of water into the tank.

Which turbine is used for high heads in hydroelectric power plant?

Pelton Turbine Pelton turbines are generally used for very high heads and low flows.

What is the velocity of water in penstock of high head hydro power plant?

2 m/s
In high head hydroelectric power plant, the velocity of water flow in penstock is around. 2 m/s. 4 m/s.

How does a hydropower turbine work?

At hydropower plants water flows through a pipe, or penstock, then pushes against and turns blades in a turbine to spin a generator to produce electricity. Run-of-the-river systems, where the force of the river’s current applies pressure on a turbine.

Which element of hydroelectric power plant prevents the penstock from water hammer phenomenon?

Surge tank
Surge tank is a tank at sufficient height , connected to penstock through riser pipe. It takes the rejected water and relives the penstock from excessive water hammer pressure.

How do run-of-the-river hydroelectric systems differ from large dams?

A small dam may be used to ensure enough water goes in the penstock, and possibly some storage (for same day use) The primary difference between this type of hydroelectric generation compared to others is that run-of-the-river primarily uses the natural flow rate of water to generate power—instead of the power of water …

What is the function of the surge tank?

A surge tank (or surge drum or surge pool) is a standpipe or storage reservoir at the downstream end of a closed aqueduct, feeder, dam, barrage pipe to absorb sudden rises of pressure, as well as to quickly provide extra water during a brief drop in pressure.

What is the surge tank located in a hydroelectric power plant Mcq?

Surge tank is a tank at sufficient height , connected to penstock through riser pipe. It takes the rejected water and relives the penstock from excessive water hammer pressure. Explanation: Buttress dams are the concrete dams supported on downstream side by buttresses.

What is hydropower and how does it work?

Hydropower all comes down to head and flow. The amount of power, and therefore energy that you can generate is proportional to the head and the flow.

How does the number of heads on a hydro turbine affect power output?

The more head you have the higher the water pressure across the hydro turbine and the more power it will generate.

How to choose the right pipeline for your hydro power plant?

A good pipeline should give at least 85\% to 90\% of the gross water head. All in all, you should be more careful with the net water head than the gross water head. This is because you will use it to know the electrical output of your hydro system. To get the best results, ensure that you talk with your turbine supplier.

What is head in hydro?

Head is the change in water levels between the hydro intake and the hydro discharge point. It is a vertical height measured in metres. The two diagrams below show how the head would be measured on a typical ‘low head’ and a typical ‘high head’ site.